TECHNOTECS designs and manufactures the following types of furnace equipment:
- Atmospheric and vacuum furnaces
- Heat-transfer-medium heater
- Hydrotreating furnaces
- Start-up furnaces
- Superheaters
Furnace design is carried out depending on the technological process:
— furnaces where a chemical reaction occurs (reaction-heating): steam reforming, delayed coking, vizbreaking, thermal cracking;
— heating furnaces: atmospheric-vacuum distillation, furnaces in the lines of gas/condensate stabilization plants, coolant heating furnaces, associated petroleum gas processing lines.
The type of furnace is determined by the shape of the radiation chamber, the relative position of the radiation and convection chambers, the configuration of the radiant coil, the type and location of the burners.
The following types of furnaces are distinguished:
- Cylindrical, box-shaped
- Single-chamber, multi-chamber
- Furnaces with vertical, horizontal, spiral radiant coil
- With hearth, vault, wall burners
- With burners located on side and end walls, in one or more tiers
- With gas and liquid fuel burners and other types
Depending on the method of heat transfer, the configuration and number of combustion chambers, the location of the burner devices, as well as the number of process streams and the type of tube irradiation, tube furnaces are divided into the following types:
Box-shaped furnace, with a vertical arrangement of coil pipes, free vertical flare combustion of combined fuel;
Box-shaped furnace with an upper exhaust of flue gases, horizontal arrangement of coil pipes, free vertical combustion of combined fuel. Type ГС2 – with two radiation chambers;
Box-shaped furnace with an upper exhaust of flue gases, a horizontal arrangement of coil pipes, volumetric-flat combustion of combined fuel or flat combustion of gas fuel. Type ГН2 – with two radiation chambers;
Cylindrical furnace with an annular convection chamber, a built-in air heater and vertical pipe coils in radiation and convection chambers, free vertical flaring of fuel;
Cylindrical furnace with a wall arrangement of coil pipes in one radiation chamber, free vertical flare combustion of combined fuel;
Cylindrical furnace with a cylindrical radiation chamber and a separate convection chamber for free vertical flare combustion of fuel;
Tubular block furnace for oil treatment units with electrically driven valves;
Direct oil heating furnace.
Application
- Oil and gas refining
- Petroleum and gas chemistry
Tube Furnace Composition
- radiation chamber;
- convection chambers;
- food coil;
- gas collector (transition);
- chimney;
- flue ducts, burner piping, fire extinguishing system;
- burners.
To service the furnaces and ensure their normal operation, ladders and platforms, exhaust (explosive) windows, peepholes, doors, hatches, fittings for instrumentation and instrumentation equipment are provided. Furnaces can be equipped, if necessary, with steam superheaters, a heat recovery system and air heaters, and fan units.
Principle of operation
Despite the wide variety of furnace designs, their operating principles are largely the same. Typically, the internal volume of the oven is divided into two parts, called radiant and convection chambers. These chambers contain pipe coils through the surfaces of which heat transfer occurs.
Radiative heat transfer refers to the absorption of radiant heat, while convective heat transfer refers to heat transfer by washing the surfaces of pipes with flue gases.
In the radiant chamber, the main amount of heat is transferred by radiation and only a small amount by convection, and in the convection chamber it is the other way around.
Fuel combustion products are the primary and main source of heat absorbed in the radiation section of tube furnaces - 60–80% of the total heat used in the furnace is transferred in the radiation chamber, the rest in the convective section.
The product that needs to be heated by one or more flows enters the pipes of the convective coil, passes through the pipes of the radiation chamber screens and, heated to the required temperature, leaves the furnace.
